Quick Information

ADDRESS

Canongate, Edinburgh EH8 8DX, UK

RECOMMENDED DURATION

3 hours

Timings

09:30–18:00

VISITORS PER YEAR

500000

EXPECTED WAIT TIME - STANDARD

30-60 mins (Peak), 0-30 mins (Off Peak)

UNESCO YEAR

1995

What is the Palace of Holyroodhouse?

Holyrood Palace, located at the end of Edinburgh’s Royal Mile, is the official residence of the British monarch in Scotland. Once home to Mary, Queen of Scots, the palace features historic royal apartments, state rooms, and beautiful gardens. It's open to visitors year-round, except during royal stays.

Quick facts about the Palace of Holyroodhouse

Holyrood Palace
  • Official name: Palace of Holyroodhouse
  • Location: Canongate, Edinburgh EH8 8DX, UK
  • Date of construction: 1503 (original building), 1671 (current building)
  • Timings: 9:30am to 6pm (last entry 4:30pm)
  • Architect: Sir William Bruce
  • Architectural style: Classical or Renaissance-Baroque
  • Number of visitors per year: 437,000 
  • Function: Official residence of the British monarch in Scotland

Plan your visit to the Holyrood Palace

Holyrood Palace
  • Open daily during June, July, August, and September
  • Closed Tuesdays and Wednesdays the rest of the year

Opening Times:

  • April 1 – October 31: 9:30am – 6:00pm (last entry 4:30pm)
  • November 1 – March 31: 9:30am – 4:30pm (last entry 3:15pm)

Upcoming closures:

  • May 15 – 24, 2025
  • June 26 – July 4, 2025

Important notes:

  • The Palace gardens are closed until Saturday, May 3, 2025
  • Holyrood Abbey will reopen on Saturday, May 24, 2025
Holyrood Palace Hours

Address: Canongate, Edinburgh EH8 8DX, United Kingdom

Find on Map

Holyrood Palace is located at the eastern end of Edinburgh’s Royal Mile, marking the grand end of this historic route. It’s within walking distance of key sites like the Scottish Parliament, Calton Hill, and the National Gallery of Scotland. Closest landmark: Dynamic Earth (0.8 km).

Closest landmark: Museum of Edinburgh (0.3 km)

Things to see at the Palace of Holyroodhouse

State Apartments
Mary, Queen of Scots’ Chambers
The Great Gallery
Holyrood Abbey
Royal Gardens
Royal dining room
Throne room
The Darnley Jewel
Ornate ceiling
1/9

State Apartments

These rooms are over-the-top in the best way. Imagine angel-covered ceilings, wall-to-wall tapestries, and a 3,000-piece silver dining set. The Great Gallery is a highlight, filled with nearly 100 royal portraits, including Bonnie Prince Charlie looking regal.

Mary, Queen of Scots’ Chambers

Mary lived here from 1561 to 1567. Her bedchamber has the original oak ceiling, painted with her parents’ initials. The rooms reflect both her French upbringing and the political danger she faced in Scotland.

The Great Gallery

This is Scotland's royal portrait hall, with 96 kings—some real, some mythical—lined up across the walls. Add black marble fireplaces and a chair built from haunted-sounding kirk wood, and you've got a very royal, very Scottish room.

Holyrood Abbey

Even in ruins, this place steals the show. Founded by King David I, it’s where royals were crowned and buried. The Reformation wrecked it, but the abbey still holds centuries of stories in its weathered stones and gothic arches.

Royal Gardens

These gardens are a mix of royal beauty and centuries of history. They started with medieval monks and grew into lush Victorian lawns. Look out for Queen Mary’s Bath House and the old physic garden filled with medicinal herbs.

Royal dining room

What used to be a Guard Chamber is now a fancy space for royal banquets. There’s classic Adam-style design, portraits on every wall, and a dazzling silver table setting fit for the monarch’s most important guests.

Throne room

This is where royalty gets down to business. Important meetings, ceremonies, and private audiences have all happened here. It’s decorated with portraits and two grand thrones made for George V back in 1911!

The Darnley Jewel

This locket is anything but ordinary. Designed in the late 1500s for Lady Margaret Douglas, it’s shaped like a heart and filled with rubies, pearls, and symbols like Faith and Victory. You’ll find it in Mary’s chambers.

Ornate ceiling

You’ll want to keep looking up! The ceilings here are packed with royal coats of arms, mythological scenes, and decorative plasterwork. Every room shows off a different piece of Scotland’s royal identity, literally written on the ceiling.

History of the Palace of Holyroodhouse

  • The Palace began as Holyrood Abbey, founded by King David I in 1128 after a legendary encounter with a stag carrying a glowing cross.
  • As Edinburgh became Scotland’s capital, the abbey’s guesthouse transformed into a royal residence, hosting monarchs for ceremonies, diplomacy, and state affairs.
  • Between 1501 and 1505, James IV built the first true palace next to the abbey in preparation for marrying Margaret Tudor of England.
  • James V added a grand tower—later home to Mary, Queen of Scots’ private chambers and one of the palace’s most iconic historic spaces.
  • Mary’s years at Holyroodhouse (1561–1567) were filled with royal scandal, including the brutal murder of her secretary, David Rizzio, in her chambers.
  • The palace fell into disrepair during 17th-century conflicts, including Cromwell’s occupation, before Charles II rebuilt it into a grand Baroque residence in the 1670s.
  • Architect Sir William Bruce led the redesign, giving Holyroodhouse the symmetry, opulence, and drama fit for a Stuart king’s Scottish court.
  • Bonnie Prince Charlie briefly took over the palace during the 1745 Jacobite Rising, using it as his headquarters in Edinburgh.
  • Queen Victoria revived royal use of the palace in the 19th century, helping it become a ceremonial and historical landmark once again.
  • Today, Holyroodhouse is the British monarch’s official Scottish residence and one of the most historically rich royal sites in the UK.

History of Holyrood Palace

Construction of the Palace of Holyroodhouse

Holyrood Palace courtyard, Edinburgh, associated with James IV of Scotland.

Architects of the palace

The Palace of Holyroodhouse owes its striking look to a few key names in architecture. It all started around 1501, when James IV kicked things off, possibly with Italian architect John of Padua, who brought in early Renaissance flair. But the real game-changer was Sir William Bruce in the 1670s. Appointed by Charles II, Bruce—often called the father of classical architecture in Scotland—gave the palace its grand Baroque makeover. He kept the original 16th-century tower, added a matching one, and created the elegant, symmetrical layout you see today.

Palace of Holyroodhouse in Edinburgh with historic architecture and lush gardens.

Architecture of the palace

The Palace of Holyroodhouse is a stunning blend of architectural styles, mixing Renaissance, Baroque, and Gothic elements. Designed by Sir William Bruce between 1671 and 1678, the palace features a classical quadrangle layout with three storeys and an attic, all built around a central courtyard. The façade is highlighted by two towers, the original 16th-century north-west tower and a new south-west tower, connected by a grand two-storey entrance framed with Doric columns. Inside, the palace is adorned with beautifully detailed rooms, ornate plasterwork, and a series of royal apartments, showcasing a mix of classical orders.

Additional Information of Holyrood Palace

  • Holyrood Palace is part of a UNESCO World Heritage Site: While not a standalone UNESCO site, the palace is a key landmark in the "Old and New Towns of Edinburgh," a World Heritage Site inscribed in 1995, contributing to the area's rich history.
  • Holyrood Palace is home to many ghosts: Ghostly sightings at Holyrood Palace are common, with reports of apparitions, eerie sounds, and chilling cold spots, especially believed to be linked to Mary, Queen of Scots.
  • Holyrood Palace is a popular filming spot: The grandeur of Holyrood Palace has made it a favorite filming location for iconic shows like "The Queen," "Outlander," and "The Crown," offering an ideal historical backdrop.

Lesser Known Holyrood facts

Frequently Asked Questions about the Palace of Holyroodhouse

Can I bring my dog?

Unfortunately, dogs aren’t allowed inside the Palace, except for assistance dogs.

Can I take photos inside the Palace?

Photography isn’t allowed inside the Palace, including the State Apartments and interior rooms, to protect the artifacts. You can take photos outside in the gardens and Abbey ruins.

How long do I need to explore the Palace?

Plan to spend around 1.5 to 2 hours, but if you’re really soaking in the history (or obsessing over the portraits), you might be here for longer.

How old is the Palace?

The Palace of Holyroodhouse has been a royal residence for around 500 years, dating back to the early 1500s, though the site itself has been home to royalty for nearly 900 years.

Can I visit the Palace during the Edinburgh Festival?

Yes, the Palace will stay open during the Edinburgh Festival (1–25 August 2025). It’s a lively time, so expect crowds and book tickets in advance to skip long queues.

What’s the best time of year to visit?

If you want fewer crowds, spring and fall are perfect for a quieter, more peaceful experience. But if you’re into royal pomp, summer is the time to go, but just remember it’ll be a bit busier.

What’s the best way to learn about the Palace’s history?

Grab an audio guide! The guide shares fascinating stories you won’t find in books and makes all the royal drama feel alive.

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